Résolvez les équations suivantes.
\(\dfrac{3x + 7}{x -2}=0\)
Domaine de définition:
\(x-2 \neq 0 \implies x \neq {\color{magenta}2} \implies D = \mathbb{R} \setminus \{{\color{magenta}2}\}\)
Résolution:
\[\begin{split}\dfrac{3x+7}{x-2} &= 0 \qquad &|& \cdot (x-2)\\
3x + 7 &= 0 \cdot (x-2) &|& \text{ CL}\\
3x + 7 &= 0 &|& -7\\
3x &= -7 &|& :3\\
x &= {\color{orange}-\dfrac{7}{3}} \in D &|& \text{ Vérifiez que la solution appartient au domaine de définition}\end{split}\]
\(\implies S = \left\{{\color{orange}-\dfrac{7}{3}}\right\}\)
\(\dfrac{x^2+4x-5}{x+5}=2x-1\)
Domaine de définition:
\(x+5 \neq 0 \implies x \neq {\color{magenta}-5} \implies D = \mathbb{R} \setminus \{{\color{magenta}-5}\}\)
Résolution:
\[\begin{split}\dfrac{x^2+4x-5}{x+5} &= (2x-1) \cdot \dfrac{x+5}{x+5} \qquad &|& \text{ Mise au même dénominateur}\\
\dfrac{x^2+4x-5}{x+5} &= \dfrac{(2x-1) \cdot (x+5)}{x+5} &|& \cdot (x+5)\\
x^2+4x-5 &= (2x-1)(x+5) &|& \text{ CL}\\
x^2+4x-5 &= 2x^2-x+10x-5 &|& \text{ CL}\\
x^2+4x-5 &= 2x^2+9x-5 &|& -x^2-4x+5\\
0 &= x^2+5x &|& \text{ Factorisation}\\
0 &= x(x+5) \end{split}\]
\(x = {\color{orange}0} \in D\) et \(x + 5 = 0 \implies x = {\color{red}-5 \notin D}\)
\(\implies S = \{{\color{orange}0}\}\)
\(\dfrac{4x^2-9}{(4x+3)(x-2)}=0\)
Domaine de définition:
\((4x+3)(x-2) \neq 0\)
\(\implies 4x + 3 \neq 0 \implies 4x \neq -3 \implies x \neq {\color{magenta}-\dfrac{3}{4}}\)
\(\implies x-2 \neq 0 \implies x \neq {\color{green}2}\)
\(D = \mathbb{R} \setminus \left\{{\color{magenta}-\dfrac{3}{4}}; {\color{green}2}\right\}\)
Résolution:
\[\begin{split}\dfrac{4x^2-9}{(4x+3)(x-2)} &= 0 \qquad &|& \cdot (4x+3)(x-2) \\
4x^2-9 &= 0 \cdot (4x+3)(x-2) \quad &|& \text{ CL} \\
4x^2-9 &= 0 &|& \text{ Factorisation} \\
(2x+ 3)(2x -3) &= 0\end{split}\]
\(\implies 2x + 3 = 0 \implies 2x = -3 \implies x = {\color{orange}-\dfrac{3}{2}} \in D\)
\(\implies 2x - 3 = 0 \implies 2x = 3 \implies x = {\color{violet}\dfrac{3}{2}} \in D\)
\(\implies S = \left\{{\color{orange}-\dfrac{3}{2}}; {\color{violet}\dfrac{3}{2}}\right\}\)
\(\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}=\dfrac{x+3}{x-4}\)
Domaine de définition:
\(x-2 \neq 0 \implies x \neq {\color{magenta}2}\)
\(x-4 \neq 0 \implies x \neq {\color{green}4}\)
\(\implies D = \mathbb{R} \setminus \{{\color{magenta}2}; {\color{green}4}\}\)
Résolution:
\[\begin{split}\dfrac{x+1}{x-2} \cdot \dfrac{x-4}{x-4} &= \dfrac{x+3}{x-4} \cdot \dfrac{x-2}{x-2} \qquad &|& \text{ Mise au même dénominateur}\\
\dfrac{(x+1)(x-4)}{(x-2)(x-4)} &= \dfrac{(x+3)(x-2)}{(x-4)(x-2)} &|& \cdot (x-2)(x-4)\\
(x+1)(x-4) &= (x+3)(x-2) &|& \text{ CL}\\
x^2-3x-4 &= x^2+x-6 &|& -x^2\\
-3x-4 &= x-6 &|& -x +4\\
-4x &= -2 &|& :(-4)\\
x &= \dfrac{-2}{-4} = {\color{orange}\dfrac{1}{2}} \in D\end{split}\]
\(\implies S = \left\{{\color{orange}\dfrac{1}{2}}\right\}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{x-3}= \dfrac{3}{x+1}+\dfrac{4}{x^2-2x-3}\)
Factorisation des dénominateurs:
\(\dfrac{2}{x-3}= \dfrac{3}{x+1}+\dfrac{4}{(x-3)(x+1)}\)
Domaine de définition:
\(x-3 \neq 0 \implies x \neq {\color{magenta}3}\)
\(x+1 \neq 0 \implies x \neq {\color{green}-1}\)
\(\implies D = \mathbb{R} \setminus \{{\color{magenta}-1}; {\color{green}3}\}\)
Résolution:
\[\begin{split}\dfrac{2}{x-3} \cdot \dfrac{x+1}{x+1} &= \dfrac{3}{x+1} \cdot \dfrac{x-3}{x-3} +\dfrac{4}{(x-3)(x+1)} \qquad &|& \text{ Mise au même dénominateur}\\
\dfrac{2(x+1)}{(x-3)(x+1)} &= \dfrac{3(x-3)}{(x+1)(x-3)} +\dfrac{4}{(x-3)(x+1)} &|& \cdot (x-3)(x+1)\\
2(x+1) &= 3(x-3) +4 &|& \text{ CL}\\
2x+2 &= 3x-9 + 4 &|& \text{ CL}\\
2x+2 &= 3x-5 &|& -2x + 5\\
{\color{orange}-7} &= x \in D \end{split}\]
\(\implies S = \{{\color{orange}-7}\}\)